(a) Draw a labelled ray diagram to obtain the real image formed by an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment position. Define its magnifying power.

(b) You are given three lenses of power 0.5 D, 4 D and 10 D to design a telescope.

(i) Which lenses should be used as objective and eyepiece ? Justify your answer.

(ii) Why is the aperture of the objective preferred to be large ?

(a)
The magnifying power of a refracting type astronomical telescope is defined as the ratio of angle subtended by the final image at eye to the angle subtended by the object at eye.

(b) (i) We know that,

Magnification,$m=\frac{f_o}{f_e}=\frac{P_e}{P_o}$

Therefore, the lens of 0.5 D should be used as objective and the lens of 10 D should be used as eye-piece in order to achieve higher magnification.

(ii) The aperture of the objective lens is made larger so, that it receives as much light as coming from the distant object and the resolving power of the telescope increases.