Exchange of various materials between the blood and body cells takes place by

The correct option is D

capillaries

The correct option is D.

Explanation of the correct option:

1. Capillaries are the blood vessels that reach out to small cells and tissue, helping in the exchange of materials like oxygen, carbon dioxide, and waste.
2. Capillaries are semipermeable so that material can be exchanged with surrounding cells.
   

Explanation of the incorrect option:
Option A:

1. Arteries carry the blood away from the heart to the body organ.
   Heart ⇢ Organ
   

Option B:

1. Veins are the type of blood vessel that collect blood from the organs and carry it towards the heart.
   Organ ⇢ Heart

Option C:

1. Lungs are like spongy elastic bags present in the chest cavity protected by a rib cage. There are two lungs.
2. Pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries carbon dioxide rich blood from the heart to the lungs.
3. Pulmonary vein is the only vein that carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the heart.

Final answer: Exchange of various materials between the blood and body cells takes place by capillaries.