How are cactus adapted to survive in a desert?

Cactus are adapted to survive in the hot and humid conditions of the desert. To survive in the desert, cactus has the following adaptations:

(i) Modified flat green stem that prepares food by photosynthesis and conserves water.

(ii) Stem is covered with a thick waxy layer, which helps to retain water.

(iii) Leaves present in the form of spines to prevent water loss through transpiration.

(iv) Long roots that go very deep into the soil for absorbing water.