Name the gas evolved when dilute HCl reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate. How is it recognized?

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Solution

Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate to evolve carbon dioxide gas. The reaction is as follows:

$N a H C O_{3} + H C l ⟶ N a C l + H C l + H_{2} O$

When carbon dioxide gas is passed through lime water, the lime water turns milky due to the formation of a white precipitate of calcium carbonate.

$C a (O H)_{2} + C O_{2} ⟶ C a C O_{3} + H_{2} O$

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