The theory of chemical evolution was based on the experiment of

The correct option is C Miller and Urey
The Miller Urey experiment was a chemical experiment that simulated the conditions thought at the time to be present on the early Earth, and tested the chemical origin of life. Specifically, the experiment tested Alexander Oparin and J. B. S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favoured chemical reactions that synthesize more complex organic compounds from simpler inorganic precursors. Considered to be the classic experiment investigating abiogenesis, it was conducted in 1952 by Stanley Miller, under the supervision of Harold Urey, at the University of Chicago and later the University of California, San Diego and published the following year. The experiment used water (H${}_2$O), methane (CH${}_4$), ammonia (NH${}_3$), and hydrogen (H${}_2$). So, the theory of chemical evolution was based on the experiment of Miller and Urey.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.