What are the four types of mutations?

Four types of Mutations:

Gene Variations:

1. When a mutation in DNA occurs, it implies that one or more DNA bases change, and different proteins are created, which impact an organism's properties.
2. For example, the DNA of a fruit fly is subject to mutations, which may include-

1. Substitution, which indicates that the incorrect base is matched;
2. Insertion refers to the addition of an additional base or bases.
3. Deletion can happen, which indicates that a base is eliminated. Substitution, insertion, and deletion are the three forms of gene mutations.

Chromosomal Changes:

1. When mutations develop at the chromosomal level, this is referred to as a chromosomal mutation.
2. Chromosomes are formed of DNA and protein, are highly structured, and contain a large number of genes.
3. Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 from egg cells and 23 from sperm cells.

Somatic mutagenesis:

1. During the lengthy and intricate process of cell division, the cell that has acquired a genetic change passes it on to the descendants of the mutant cell.
2. The mutation takes place in the somatic cells of a multicellular organism rather than the germination cells, such as the egg and sperm.

Germinal Variation:

1. The mutation in germinal mutation is caused by a change in the germinal cells.
2. Germ cells are responsible for the development of gametes.
3. As a result, this mutation can be passed along through sexual reproduction.