Describe Group $\mathrm{III}$ elements?

Group $\mathrm{III}$ elements:

• Elements having three valence electrons are placed in Group$3$.
• The oxidation state of these elements is $+3$ by losing three electrons.
• In the third group, elements are$32$.
• These elements are soft and their appearance is like silvery-white metals.
• Group third elements' hardness increases with atomic number.
• In the centre of the periodic table third group is placed in between the group$3-12$.

Charcahersticts of Group $\mathrm{III}$ elements:

• In these thirty-two elements, four are transformation, fourteen are lanthanides and fourteen are actinides.
• Their hardness increase with atomic number and when they react with water and get tarnished water forms an oxide layer.
• They have poor metals and have a lower melting point.
• This group has the first group of transition metals which are Scandium $\left(\mathrm{Sc}\right)$ and Yttrium $\left(\mathrm{Y}\right)$ and the first elements of lanthanides, Lutetium$\left(\mathrm{Lu}\right)$, and the first element of actinides, which is Lawrencium$\left(\mathrm{Lr}\right)$.
• This group is rare-earth elements.