When a female child is born, her ovaries already contain thousands of immature eggs (or ova) contained to immature structures A. On maturing, A bursts open and an egg shoots out of the ovary in a process called B. The process B starts in the females at puberty and occurs again and again after a time period x. Before every occurrence of process B, the inner lining of the uterus becomes thick and soft with lots of blood vessels in it. When the egg cell gets fertilised by a sperm, then an event C occurs in the life of mature human female which lasts for time period y leading to the birth of a baby. If, however, the egg cell released by the ovary does not get a sperm to fuse with, then the thick and soft inner lining of the uterus breaks down and comes out of the female's body in an event called D. The occurrence of event D is controlled by chemical substances E.
(a) What is A?
(b) What is process B?
(c) What is the time period x?
(d) Name the event C.
(e) How much is the time period y?
(f) What is the name of process D?
(g) Name the chemical substances E.

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Solution

(a) A represents immature follicles.

(b) B represents the process of ovulation.

(c) The time period x is 28 days.

(d) The event C is pregnancy.

(e) The time period y is the gestation period, i.e., 9 months.

(f) D represents the process of menstruation.

(g) The chemical substance E is the hormone oestrogen.

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