Addition

Q. Ethanol on reaction with alkaline $KMn{O}_4$ gives a compound ${}^{\prime }{A}^{\prime }$ while on heating with hot and conc. $H_{2}S{O}_4$ it gives another compound ${}^{\prime }{B}^{\prime }$ which decolourises bromine water. Compounds ${}^{\prime }{A}^{\prime }$ and ${}^{\prime }{B}^{\prime }$ respectively are

1. $HCOOH$ and $CH\equiv CH$
2. $C{H}_{3}COOH$ and $C{H}_2=C{H}_2$
3. $C{H}_{3}C{H}_{2}COOH$ and $C{H}_2=C{H}_2$
4. $HCOOH$ and $C{H}_3–C{H}_3$

Q. Give a chemical test to distinguish between:
(a) saturated and unsaturated compounds
(b) ethane and ethene
(c) ethene (ethylene) and ethyne (acetylene).

[3 MARKS]

Q.

What are the methods of polymerization?

Q. Consider the given chemical reaction


The process and catalyst used in the above chemical reaction is

1. Polymerisation and Conc. $H_{2}S{O}_4$
2. Isomerisation and Iron
3. Hydrogenation and Nickel
4. Hydration and Nickel

Q.

What is a hydrogenation reaction? How is this reaction used in the ghee and oil industry?

Q.

Which of the following will undergo addition reactions?

1. C₂H₄

2. C₂H₆

3. C₃H₈

4. CH₄

Q.

When a vegetable oil is treated with hydrogen in the presence of nickel (or palladium) catalyst, it forms a fat. This is an example of :
(a) anodising reaction (b) substitution reaction (c) displacement reaction (d) addition reaction

Q. (a) How is ethane prepared by Wurtz reaction?
(b) How can we prepare ethane by reduction of a halogen compound?

Q. Give a test to distinguish butter and cooking oil?

Q. Which of the following compounds will undergo an addition reaction?

1. $C_3{H}_8$
2. $C_2{H}_2$
3. $C_3{H}_6$
4. $C_4{H}_{10}$

Q. Question 14
Give a test that can be used chemically to differentiate between butter and cooking oil.

Q.

Name the functional group of organic compounds that can be hydrogenated. With the help of a suitable example explain the process of hydrogenation, mentioning the conditions of the reaction and any one change in physical property with the formation of the product. Name any one natural source of organic compounds that are hydrogenated.

Q.

Dehydration of Ethanol gives Ethene.

1. True
2. False

Q.

The general formula C_nH_2n for cycloalkanes is the same as that of

1. Alkanes

2. Alkynes

3. Alcohols

4. Alkenes

Q. What are addition reactions? Why ethene undergo addition reactions? Give two examples.

Q.

Name two catalysts which can be used in the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds.

Q.

Vanaspati ghee is obtained by the hydrogenation of vegetable oil.

1. True

2. False

Q.

Ozonolysis of an organic compound gives formaldehyde as one of the products. This confirms the presence of :

1. A vinyl group
2. Two ethylenic double bonds
3. An isopropyl group

4. An acetylenic triple bonds

Q. What is the number of hydrogen atoms present in propene?

1. 4
2. 6
3. 8
4. 2

Q.

The conversion of butene to butane in presence of nickel is an example of:

1. Substitution reaction

2. Oxidation reaction

3. Addition Reaction

4. Combustion reaction

Q. What is the angle between carbon corbon in ethane. And between carbon and hydrogen? ​​​​

Q.

Why are we advised not to use animal fats for cooking

Q.

Convert Ethanamine to Methanamine?

Q.

Name the product formed when hydrogen is added to ethene.

Q.

(a) What is the special feature of the structure of : (i) $C_2{H}_4$, (ii) $C_2{H}_2$?

(b) What type of reaction is common to both these compounds? Why methane does not undergo this type of reaction?

Q.

(a) Name the reaction which is usually used in the conversion of vegetable oils to facts. Explain the reaction involved in detail. Write a chemical equation to illustrate your answer.
(b) What is saponification? Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved in this process. Name all the substances which take part in this process and also those which are formed.
(c) Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water ? Will a micelle be formed in other solvents like ethanol also?

Q. What is hydrogenation? How hydrogenation of ethene occurs? Give one use of hydrogenation.

Q.

(a) Write names and formulae of hydrocarbons containing a single and a double bond (one example for each). Give one characteristic chemical property of each.
(b) What is a detergent ? Name one detergent.
(c) Why have detergents replaced soap as a washing agent ?

Q.

(a) What is meant by an addition reaction? Give an example (with equation) of an addition reaction of an alkene.
(b) What is added to groundnut oil when it is to be converted to vanaspati ghee?
(c) Which of the two is better for our health: butter or vegetable oil? Why?

Q.

Which of the following polymer type is not classified on the basis of its application and properties?

1. Rubber

2. Plastics

3. Fibres

4. Synthetic