Mutation Breeding

Q.

What is the importance of mutation?

Q. Find out the names of some common breeds of cattle and poultry in the farms of the local area.

Q.

What is balanced polymorphism?

Q.

Where do hens live?

Q. Mutation breeding involves

1. Production of a variety with desirable characteristics by inducing mutations
2. Production of a variety by crossing two parents that are developed through mutations
3. Elimination of undesirable characters from a variety by inducing mutations
4. All of these

Q.

Pusa lerma is a variety of?

Q.

The biggest constraint of plant breeding is

1. Availability of the desirable gene in the crop and its wild relatives

2. Trained manpower

3. Infrastructure

4. Transfer of genes from unrelated sources

Q. Example of mutation breeding

Q. Which one of the following is not an improved variety of flat bean?

Q.

Somaclonal variation appears in plants

1. Growing in polluted soil or water

2. Raised in tissue culture

3. Transformed by recombinant DNA technology

4. Exposed to gamma rays

Q.

Triticale is produced by the crossing of

1. Wheat and barley

2. Wheat and rye

3. Wheat and maize

4. Rye and maize

Q.

Which process can create new alleles?

Q.

Name two indigenous breeds of hen.

Q. Which of the following is a physical mutagen for induced mutagenesis in crop plants?

1. nitromethyl urea
2. X-rays
3. nitrous acid
4. ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS)

Q.

How do mutations affect DNA?

Q. Improved varieties of wheat suitable for indian climates have been developed by

1. cloning of polyploids
   
2. hybridization and mutation
   
3. mutation and cloning
   
4. polyploidy and hybridization
   

Q. Read the four statements (A-D) and select the correct option regarding animal husbandry.

A. Domestic animals which are kept or dealt with for use or profit constitute livestock
B. The systematic rearing of livestock forms the basis of animal breeding
C. Animal husbandry deals with the care and breeding of livestock like buffaloes, cows, pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, camels, goats etc. that are useful to humans
D. India and US have more than 70% of the world’s livestock population

1. A, B, C and D
2. A and C
3. A, B and C
4. A and D

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, choose the correct statement
Assertion [A]: Plant breeding is now increasingly being carried out by using molecular genetic tools.
Reason [R]: Advancements in genetics, molecular biology and tissue culture are being used today for crop improvement.

1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct and R is incorrect
4. Both A and R are incorrect

Q. Mutations in plants can be induced artificially by

1. Temperature
2. Chemicals and radiations
3. Nutrient supply
4. Water

Q. Mutation breeding involves

1. All of these
2. Production of a variety with desirable characters by inducing mutations
3. Production of a variety by crossing two parents that are developed through mutations
4. Elimination of undesirable characters from a variety by inducing mutations

Q. Read the statements given below (i-iii) and select the correct statement(s).

i. Layers lay unfertilised eggs while breeders lay fertilised eggs which will be used to produce layer/broiler stock.

ii. Breeders lay unfertilised eggs while layers lay fertilised eggs which will be used to produce layer/broiler stock.

iii. Most of the eggs sold in the market for human consumption are unfertilised eggs produced by broilers.

1. ii and iii
2. i and ii
3. i, ii and iii
4. Only i

Q. Protoplast fusion perform

1. Rapid growth of offspring
2. Somatic hybridization
3. Production of useful allopolyploid
4. Both B and C

Q. The chromosome maps are not accurate maps because

1. Crossing over frequency is higher than recombination frequency
2. One crossing over interferes and increases the frequency of nearby crossing over
3. Crossing over frequency decreases towards the ends of chromosome
4. Heterochromation increases crossing over

Q. Regarding assertion and reason, choose the correct statement
Assertion [A]: Plant breeding is now increasingly being carried out by using molecular genetic tools.
Reason [R]: Advancements in genetics, molecular biology and tissue culture are being used today for crop improvement.

1. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. A is correct and R is incorrect
4. Both A and R are incorrect

Q. Which one of the following information is essential to determine the genetic map distance between two genes located on the same chromosome ?

1. Length of the particular chromosome
2. Number of genes present in the particular chromosome
3. Percentage of crossing over or recombinant frequency between the two genes
4. Number of nucleotides in the particular chromosome

Q. How has the mutation breeding helped in improving crop varieties? Give one example where this technique has helped.

Q. Choose the correct option for the statements given below.
Statement 1 - Sharbati sonora and Pusa lerma are mutant varieties of wheat.
Statement 2 - Thick stem, high yielding sugarcane varieties were produced by interspecific hybridization.

1. Both statements are correct.
2. Both statements are incorrect.
3. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
4. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

Q. Write any four hybrid varieties of wheat and their characteristics.

Q. Which of the following is an indigenous breed of chickens?

1. Rhode Island Red
2. Aseel
3. Plymouth Rock
4. White Leghorn

Q. Haploids are able to express both recessive and dominant allele/mutations because there are

1. Many alleles for each gene
2. Only two allele in a gene
3. Only one allele for each gene in the individual
4. Two alleles for each gene