Outcomes of HGP

Q.

The haploid content of human DNA is

1. 3.3 × 10⁹ bp

2. 3.3 × 10⁹ kbp

3. 4.6 × 10⁶ bp

4. 6.6 × 10⁹ bp

Q. The sequencing of DNA follows two approaches.

Read the following statements regarding the methods used in HGP and choose the correct option.

Statement 1: One approach to obtain the sequence of the human genome focused on identifying all the genes that are expressed as RNA (ESTs).

Statement 2: The other method is to sequence the whole set of the genome that comprise all the coding and non-coding sequences, and later assigning different regions in the sequence with functions. This method is called sequence annotation.

1. Both the statements are correct
2. Both the statements are incorrect
3. Only statement 1 is correct
4. Only statement 2 is correct

Q. Which of the following is not associated with Human Genome Project (HGP)?

1. Bioinformatics
2. Cloning vectors BAC and YAC
3. Automated DNA sequencers
4. VNTR

Q. If a DNA contains 1000 base pairs, what would be its length?

1. $3400\stackrel{\circ }{A}$
2. $34000\stackrel{\circ }{A}$
3. $6800\stackrel{\circ }{A}$
4. $1000\stackrel{\circ }{A}$

Q. One turn of DNA possesses

1. One base pair
2. Five base pairs
3. Ten base pairs.
4. Two base pairs

Q.

From the internet, gather information about the chromosome numbers of five animals and five plants. Correlate the number with the size of the organism and answer the following question

1. Do larger organisms have more chromosomes/cells?
2. Can organisms with fewer chromosomes reproduce more easily than organisms with more chromosomes?
3. More the number of chromosomes/cells greater is the DNA content. Justify.

Q. According to Human Genome Project, the percentage of introns in human genome is approximately -

1. $24\%$
2. $99\%$
3. $75\%$
4. $10\%$

Q. DNA sequencing has been performed for how many of these organisms?
Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila , Arabidopsis, Homo sapiens.

1. 2
2. 3
3. 1
4. 4

Q. Schematic structure of a transcription unit is drawn below. Identify (i), (ii) and (iii) and choose the option accordingly.
[0.7 mark]

1. (i)	(ii)	(iii)
   Operator	Coding strand	Non-coding strand

2. (i)	(ii)	(iii)
   Promoter	Coding strand	Template strand

3. (i)	(ii)	(iii)
   Terminator	Non-template strand	Promoter

4. (i)	(ii)	(iii)
   Promoter	Template strand	Coding strand

Q. Assertion: Repetitive DNA appears as a different peak in density gradient centrifugation.
Reason: The repetitive sequence has a base composition distinct from the genome average.

1. Both the assertion and reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
2. Both assertion and reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
3. Assertion is true but the reason is false
4. Both the assertion and the reason are false

Q. In the schematic representation, few representative chromosomes have been shown containing different copy number of VNTR. Which of the following individual is criminal on the behalf of this?

1. Individual $‘A^{\prime }$
2. Individual $‘B^{\prime }$
3. Can’t be predicated
4. Neither $‘A^{\prime }$ nor $‘B^{\prime }$, any other individual

Q. Which of the following is not associated with Human Genome Project (HGP)?

1. Bioinformatics
2. Cloning vectors BAC and YAC
3. Automated DNA sequencers
4. VNTR

Q. VNTR stands for

1. Versatile Number of Tandem Repeat
2. Verified Number of Tandem Repeat
3. Versatile Number Tandem Repeat
4. Variable Number Tandem Repeat

Q. Which of the following best represents Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs)?

1. Novel DNA sequences
2. Genes expressed as RNA
3. DNA polymorphism
4. All of these

Q. 23 Pairs of chromosomes can give rise to how many combinations ?

1. 8.6 million
2. 6.6 million
3. 7.6 million
4. 5.6 million

Q.

Is our DNA unique?

Q. Knowing the number of genes was the first objective of Human Genome Project (HGP). Why?

1. To prove that humans and monkeys have the same number of genes

2. To establish an evolutionary link
3. To simply know how many genes are present in human genome
4. To ratify if the estimate of 150, 000 human genes was indeed correct

Q. How many distinct chromosomes do we as humans, have ?

1. 22
2. 24
3. 48
4. 46

Q. What is human genome project (HGP)?

Q. If the length of a double helical DNA is 1.7 meters, then the number of base pairs present in the DNA is

1. $5\times {10}^9$
2. $1.7\times {10}^9$
3. $3.4\times {10}^9$
4. $1.7\times {10}^5$

Q.

Q. Main aim of human genome project is to

1. Introduce new genes into human beings.
2. Identify and sequence all the genes present in human DNA.
3. Develop better techniques to compare two human DNAs.
4. Remove disease causing genes from human DNA.

Q. The gene for huntington disease is located on .......... chromosome.

1. 4
2. 2
3. 19
4. 21

Q. Statement I: Human Genome Project failed in sequencing the entire genome.
Statement II: The total number of nucleotides in the human genome is around 3 million.

1. Statement I is incorrect and statement II is correct
2. Statement I is correct and statement II is incorrect
3. Both statements I and II are correct
4. Both statements I and II are incorrect

Q. Human Genome Project was started by which International Agencies.

Q. A biologist isolated a gene from a human cell, attached it to a plasmid and inserted the plasmid into a bacterium. The bacterium made a new protein, but it was nothing like the protein normally produced in a human cell. Why?

1. The gene contained introns
2. The gene did not have sticky ends
3. The biologist should have cloned the gene
4. The bacterium had undergone a transformation

Q. We humans differ from each other genetically by

1. 1
2. 10
3. 0.1
4. 0.01

Q. List the two methodologies which were involved in human genome project. Mention how they were used.

Q. A biologist isolated a gene from a human cell, attached it to a plasmid and inserted the plasmid into a bacterium. The bacterium made a new protein, but it was nothing like the protein normally produced in a human cell. Why?

1. The gene contained introns
2. The gene did not have sticky ends
3. The biologist should have cloned the gene
4. The bacterium had undergone a transformation

Q. We humans differ from each other genetically by

1. 1
2. 10
3. 0.1
4. 0.01