Rh Factor and It's Inheritance

Q.

Explain Rh-incompatibility in humans.

Q. Child death may occur in the marriage of

Q. If the father of a fetus is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative, what are the chances that there will be a mother-fetus incompatibility problem? Assume that the couple already had a first child with no medical problems.

1. 0%
2. 100%
3. Less than 50%
4. At least 50%

Q. Erythroblastosis foetalis can result if

1. the Rh- mother is sensitized to the Rh+ antigen and the baby is Rh-
2. the Rh+ mother is sensitized to the Rh- antigen and the baby is Rh-
3. the Rh- mother is sensitized to the Rh+ antigen and the baby is Rh+
4. the Rh+ mother is sensitized to the Rh- antigen and the baby is Rh+

Q. A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with blood group 'B'. What are all the possible blood groups of their offsprings?

1. A, B, AB and O
2. O only
3. A and B only
4. A, B and AB only

Q. Chances of erythroblastosis foetalis occurs during second pregnancy when the baby is

Q. Based on the pedigree chart describing the inheritance of an autosomal-dominant disease, what is the probability that person A will give birth to an affected child if she mates with a wild-type male.

1. 25%
2. 50%
3. 75%
4. 100%

Q. Rh antibody formed in Rh $-$ve mother during Rh incompatibility and develops Erythroblastosis fetalis is?

1. Surface Ag
2. Universal Ab
3. Secretory Ag
4. Allergic Ab

Q. How Rh anti D is given to pregnant women?

Q.

The value of $\cancel{\mathrm{IIII}}\mathrm{II}$ is -

1. $4$

2. $7$

3. $6$

4. $8$

Q. The problem due to Rh factor arises when the two blood (Rh${}^{+}$ and Rh${}^{-}$ ) mix up

1. Through transfusion
2. In a test tube
3. During pregnancy
4. All of the above

Q. The condition of erythroblastosis foetalis occurs only when

1. The husband is ${Rh}^{+}$ and wife is ${Rh}^{-}$
2. The husband is ${Rh}^{-}$ and wife is ${Rh}^{+}$
3. The mother is ${Rh}^{-}$ and the foetus is ${Rh}^{+}$
4. The mother is ${Rh}^{+}$ and the foetus is ${Rh}^{-}$

Q. Fetal hemoglobin is the main oxygen transport protein in the human fetus, and it has a higher affinity for oxygen than the adult form of hemoglobin. This phenomenon is illustrated in the curve above:
Both fetal and adult hemoglobin are quaternary proteins composed of four protein subunits. However, adult hemoglobin is composed of two $\alpha$ (alpha) and two $\beta$ (beta) subunits, while fetal hemoglobin is composed of two $\alpha$ (alpha) subunits and two $\gamma$ (gamma) subunits.
In humans, the gene that codes for the alpha subunit is on chromosome 16, and the genes for both the gamma subunit and the beta subunit are on different loci on chromosome 11. Fetal hemoglobin is replaced by adult hemoglobin by the time a newborn is about six months old. The best explanation for this is that

1. Histone proteins change shape during fetal development, creating genes that are capable of coding for both $\beta$ (beta) and $\gamma$ (gamma) subunits.
2. The $\beta$ (beta) subunits of the hemoglobin protein can be produced from the $\gamma$ (gamma) subunit gene via alternative splicing of mRNA.
3. Feedback mechanisms from the environment gradually silence the expression of $\gamma$ (gamma) subunits of the hemoglobin protein, and activate the expression of the gene coding for the $\beta$ (beta) subunits.
4. Translocation of $\beta$ (beta) and $\gamma$ (gamma) genes after birth allow the switch from fetal hemoglobin expression to adult hemoglobin expression.

Q. The problem of erythroblastosis foetalis occurs when

1. Mother is Rh positive and father is Rh negative
2. Both father and mother are Rh positive
3. Both father and mother are Rh negative
4. Father is Rh positive and mother is Rh negative

Q. If a man Rh${}^{+}$ve marries a lady Rh${}^{-}$ve, then

1. No child will be born
2. First child will die
3. First child will survive
4. None of the above

Q. Erythroblastosis foetalis is also called as

1. Bleeder's disease
2. Haemolytic disease of new born
3. Malaria
4. Sickle cell anaemia

Q. (a) Human genetic diseases (b) Rh blood group incompatibility (C) Klinefelter's syndrome (d) Albinism (e) Haemophilia (f) Carcinoma

Q. If the foetus is Rh${}^{+}$ and mother is Rh${}^{-}$, then which of the following situation is likely to happen ?

1. Foetus might transmit antibody to mother's blood.
2. Foetus is attacked by the antibodies of mother's blood.
3. Foetus might transmit antigen to mother's blood.
4. Foetus is attacked by the antigen of mother's blood.

Q. In which of the following situations, there is a risk factor for children acquiring erythroblastosis foetalis?

1. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh -ve.
2. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh +ve.
3. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh +ve.
4. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh -ve.

Q. The possibility of erythroblastosis foetalis occurring during the second pregnancy is when

1. the baby is Rh+ and mother is Rh-
2. the baby and mother are Rh+
3. the baby and mother are Rh-
4. the baby is Rh- and mother is Rh+

Q. Which one of the following couple were suggested by doctors to not have more than one child?

1. Rh${}^{+}$ male and Rh${}^{-}$ female
2. Rh${}^{-}$ male and Rh${}^{+}$ female
3. Rh${}^{+}$ male and Rh${}^{+}$ female
4. Rh${}^{-}$ male and Rh${}^{-}$ female

Q. HbA${}_2$ is composed of

1. ${\alpha }_2$ ${\gamma }_2$
2. ${\alpha }_2$ ${\delta }_2$
3. ${\alpha }_2$ ${\alpha }_2$
4. ${\alpha }_2$ ${\beta }_2$

Q. If two person with ${}^{\prime }A{B}^{\prime }$ blood group marry and have sufficiently large number of children, these children could be classified as ${}^{\prime }{A}^{\prime }$ blood group. ${}^{\prime }AB$ blood group ${}^{\prime }{B}^{\prime }$ blood group in $1:2:1$ ratio.
Modern technique of protein electrophoresis reveals presence of both ${}^{\prime }{A}^{\prime }$ and ${}^{\prime }{B}^{\prime }$ type proteins in ${}^{\prime }A{B}^{\prime }$ blood group individuals. This is an example of

1. Codominance.
2. Incomplete dominance.
3. Partial dominance.
4. Complete dominance.

Q. In which of the following situations, is there a risk factor for children of incurring erythroblastosis foetalis?

1. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh -ve.
2. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh +ve.
3. Mother is Rh -ve and father is Rh +ve.
4. Mother is Rh +ve and father is Rh -ve.

Q. IgG antibodies against self-proteins

1. Occur only in patients with tumours
2. Are only produced in the spleen
3. Can cross the placenta
4. Are more common in men

Q. Where do the antigen and antibody occur in the blood?

Q. If the father of a fetus is Rh positive and the mother is Rh negative, what are the chances that there will be a mother-fetus incompatibility problem? Assume that the couple already had a first child with no medical problems.

1. 100%
2. At least 50%
3. Less than 50%
4. 0%

Q. Erythroblastosis foetalis is caused when fertilisation takes place between gametes of

1. $R{h}^{+}$ female and $R{h}^{-}$ male.
2. $R{h}^{-}$ female and $R{h}^{+}$ male.
3. $R{h}^{+}$ female and $R{h}^{+}$ male.
4. $R{h}^{-}$ female and $R{h}^{-}$ male.

Q. Assertion :Sickle-cell anemia is a genetically determined disorder affecting many new born babies. Reason: It is caused by heterozygosity for allele Hb${}^s$ producing a single amino acid substitution in the $\alpha$-chain of the normal haemoglobin molecule determined by allele Hb${}^A$.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
2. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
3. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
4. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Q. The possibility of erythroblastosis foetalis occurring during the second pregnancy is when

1. the baby and mother are Rh-
2. the baby is Rh+ and mother is Rh-
3. the baby and mother are Rh+
4. the baby is Rh- and mother is Rh+