Somatic Hybridization Process

Q.

What is the role of sporopollenin?

Q.

Give one role of lac permease in the lac operon.

Q.

What is a protoplast?

Q. Choose the correct option with respect to somatic hybridization.

(i) Protoplasts of different cells of the same plant are fused.

(ii) Protoplasts from cells of different species can be fused.

(iii) Cells are treated with cellulase and pectinase for protoplasm isolation.

1. Only i is incorrect
2. Both i and ii are incorrect
3. Only iii is incorrect
4. Both i and iii are correct

Q.

How does cytochrome c cause apoptosis?

Q.

Somatic hybridisation can be done by

1. Protoplast fusion

2. Haploid anther

3. Pollen culture

4. Cell culture

Q. Fill in the blanks (A-E) with appropriate words in the following table.​

Q.

Cell wall is mainly composed of

1. Peptidoglycan/murein

2. Glycogen

3. Lipids

4. Polysaccharides

Q. For producing protoplasts from plant cells, which of the following are required?

1. Cellulase and proteinase
   
2. Amylase and pectinase
   
3. Cellulase and pectinase
   
   
4. Cellulase and amylase

Q. Which of the following elements is necessary for translocation of sugars in plants?

1. Boron
2. Molybdenum
3. Manganese
4. Iron

Q. Fusion product of protoplasts of different plants is called

1. Parthenospore
2. Synkaryon
3. Heterokaryon
4. None of the above

Q. Pruning of plants promotes branching, because the axillary buds get sensitized to

1. Ethylene
2. Gibberellin
3. Cytokinin
4. IAA

Q. Who performed the popular "Replica Plating Experiment"?

1. Joshua Lederberg & Esther Lederberg
2. Nirenberg and Kornberg
3. Kornberg and Lederberg
4. Holley, Khorana and Matthaei

Q. Norin-10 is famous for the

1. Gigas effect
2. Dwarfine effect
3. Aromatic effect
4. Early maturation effect

Q. Triticale is a man-made cereal which has been developed through hybridization between

1. Wheat and Gram
2. Wheat and Rye
3. Wheat and Oat
4. Wheat and Rice

Q. Which of the following element is not required by plants for their normal healthy growth?

1. Calcium
2. Nitrogen
3. Lead
4. Magnesium

Q. In somatic cell hybridization

1. Cell walls of two varieties of a species are removed
2. Fusion of two cells occurs
3. New plantlets are produced
4. All of the above

Q. Which of the following enzyme/s is used to obtain protoplast from a parent plant cell during somatic hybridization?

1. Colchicine
2. Pectinase
3. Cellulase
4. Both B and C

Q.
With reference to the above diagram answer the questions that follow.
1 - Name the enzymes
2 - Identify the cells
3 - Name the cell
4 - Identify the particular step in somatic hybridisation
5 - Identify the cell

1. 1 - Chitinase/pectinase, 2 - Protoplasts, 3 - Heterokaryon, 4 - Cell wall regeneration, 5 - Callus
2. 1 - Cellulase/pectinase, 2 - Protoplasts, 3 - Heterokaryon, 4 - Cell wall regeneration, 5 - Callus
3. 1 - Cellulase/chitinase, 2 - Heterokaryon, 3 - Protoplast, 4 - Callus, 5 - Cell wall regeneration
4. 1 - Cellulase/protease, 2 - Chloroplasts, 3 - Heterokaryon, 4 - Cell wall regeneration, 5 - Callus

Q.

Somatic hybridisation is achieved through

1. Conjugation

2. Recombinant DNA technology

3. Grafting

4. Protoplast fusion

Q. Which of the following techniques can be helpful in over-coming hybridization barrier?

1. Shoot tip culture
2. Embryo rescue
3. Protoplast fusion
4. Both B and C

Q. What is a Triticale?

1. It is a new plant produced by selection
2. It is a wild ancestral wheat
3. It is an inter-generic hybrid
4. It is a modified form of wheat

Q. The plant of Triticum aestivum is

1. Haploid
2. Diploid
3. Tetraploid
4. Hexaploid

Q. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan could produce an amber-seeded high yielding wheat variety called as 'sharbati sonora' from Mexican dwarf variety, by using ?

1. Radiations of ultraviolet and gamma rays
2. Chemical mutagens
3. Tissue culture
4. Cross breeding techniques

Q. Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Elongation of reduced stem is possible due to application of gibberellin hormone.
Statement 2: Gibberellin stimulates cell division and cell elongation.

1. Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
2. Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.
3. Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.
4. Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Q. Dwarfness can be controlled by treating the plant with

1. Cytokinin
2. Gibberellic acid
3. Auxin
4. Antigibberellin

Q. Which of the following two morphologically similar population are intersterile?

1. One species
2. Two biospecies
3. Two sibling species
4. None of these

Q. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
In a phospholipid bilayer, the

1. Phosphate groups are hydrophobic
2. Fatty acid tails are hydrophilic
3. Proteins are located only between the two layers
4. Phosphate heads are oriented towards the exterior of the cell or toward the cytoplasm

Q. F.C. Steward is associated with

1. Molecular biology
2. Genetics
3. Tissue culture
4. Immunology