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Question

A coordination compound CrCl3.4H2O precipitates silver chloride when treated with silver nitrate. The molar conductance of its solution corresponds to a total of two ions. Write structural formula of the compound and name it.

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Solution

A molar conductance equivalent to two ions suggests that complex is made up of two ions i.e., one complex ion and one ionizable counter ion.

Since the compound CrCl3.4H2O precipitates silver chloride (AgCl) when treated with silver nitrate, one Clβˆ’ should be present outside the coordination sphere as counter ion and the remaining atoms/ions should be the part of coordination sphere. Thus, the formula of the compound should be:

[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl

It ionizes as:
[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Clβ†’[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]++Clβˆ’

And its reaction with AgNO3 will be:

[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl+AgNO3β†’[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]NO3+AgCl↓

Thus, the formula of the complex is [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl and its IUPAC name is tetraaquadichloridochromium(III) chloride.

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