(a) Draw a labelled diagram for the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.
(b) Give the balanced equation for the reaction.
(c) Name the drying agent used in drying hydrogen chloride gas.
(d) Phosphorus pentoxide and calcium oxide are good drying agents but they cannot be used to dry hydrogen chloride gas. Why?

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Solution

a)

b)Balanced equation:

$N a C l + H_{2} S O_{4} 200^{o} C - -- \to N a H S O_{4} + H C l ↑$

c)Hydrogen chloride is dried by passing through conc. Sulphuric acid

d) Phosphorous pentoxide and $C a O$ cannot be used to dry $H C l$ because they react with $H C l$ .

$2 P_{2} O_{5} + 3 H C l ⟶ P O C L_{3} + 3 H P O_{3}$

$C a O + 2 H C l ⟶ C a C l_{2} + H_{2} O$

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Q. Drying agents like calcium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide are not used for drying hydrogen chloride gas. Give reasons for each. [3 marks]

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Q. Name the drying agent used for laboratory preparing of hydrogen chloride gas.

Calcium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide are very good drying agents but they are not used to dry HCl gas. Give reasons for each.

(i) Draw a labelled diagram and explain the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas. Give the balanced equations.
(ii) How will you prove that the gas prepared is HCl?
(iii) Name the drying agent used to dry HCl gas.
(iv) How is the gas collected and why?
(v) What are the important precautions?

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a) b)Balanced equation: NaCl+H2SO4200oC−−−→NaHSO4+HCl↑ c)Hydrogen chloride is dried by passing through conc. Sulphuric acid d) Phosphorous pentoxide and CaO cannot be used to dry HCl because they react with HCl. 2P2O5+3HCl⟶POCL3+3HPO3 CaO+2HCl⟶CaCl2+H2O