Choose the correct option-

A health disorder that results from the deficiency in adults and is characterized by (I) a low metabolic rate, (II) an increase in body weight, and (III) a tendency to retain water in tissues in?

The correct option is C

Myxoedema

The correct option is C.

Explanation of Correct option

1. A deficiency in thyroid hormone results in myxoedema.
2. It is more commonly seen in women and the elderly.
3. A low metabolic rate, an increase in body weight, a tendency to retain water in tissues, weakness, confusion, low body temperature, breathing difficulties, etc are a few symptoms of this disorder.

Explanation of Incorrect option

Option A

1. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce thyroid hormones.
2. It is usually seen in middle-aged and elder women.
3. Sometimes, babies might show this disorder if their thyroid gland is not functioning properly or if it is absent.
4. Fatigue, sensitivity to cold climate, dry skin, constipation, weight gain, hoarseness, weak muscles, puffy face, etc are a few symptoms of this disorder.

Option B

1. Cretinism is seen in infants and children, which occurs due to maternal iodine deficiency.
2. This results in thyroid hormone deficiency during the early stages of pregnancy.
3. Such infants and children suffer from severe mental and physical retardation.

Option D

1. Simple goiter refers to the swelling in the thyroid gland in order to absorb all the iodine and secrete thyroid hormones.
2. This occurs due to iodine deficiency in the diet.
3. Externally visible swelling of the thyroid gland and hoarse voice are a few symptoms of simple goiter.

Final answer

A health disorder that results from the deficiency in adults and is characterized by (I) a low metabolic rate, (II) an increase in body weight, and (III) a tendency to retain water in tissues is Myxoedema.