A uniform ladder of mass 10 kg leans against a smooth vertical wall making an angle of ${53}^0$ with it. The other ends rests on a rough horizontal floor. Find the normal force and the friction force that the floor exerts on the ladder.

There are four forces acting on the ladder of length L and making ?=53

degrees with the vertical smooth wall and on a horizontal rough floor.

1. the weight W=(10$\times 9.8$) = 98 N

acting downwards through the middle of the ladder

2. vertical reaction on the floor acting upwards, equal to W.

These two forces form a couple of magnitude

W($\frac{L}{2}$)sin?

3. Normal reaction N on the wall (horizontal) at the top end of the ladder,

equal in magnitude to

4. Frictional force F acting horizontally at the bottom of the ladder.

These two forces form another couple equal to FLcos?.

Since the ladder is in equilibrium, the two couples must be equal, thus

W($\frac{L}{2}$)sin? = FLcos?

From which we can solve for F

= ($\frac{W}{2}$)tan?

= ($\frac{98}{2}$) tan ${53}^0$

= 65 N