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Esterification

An organic co...

Question

An organic compound $A$ has the molecular formula $C_{4} H_{8} O_{2}$ on hydrolysis gives product $B$ and $C$ having molecular formula $C_{2} H_{4} O_{2}$ and $C_{2} H_{6} O$ , respectively. $B$ is used as vinegar in cooking. Identify $A$ , $B$ , and $C$ ; and also write the chemical equation involved in the formation of $B$ and $C$ .

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Solution

Organic compound A is a sweet-smelling compound ethyl acetate commonly known as esters.
Esters on hydrolyses in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid give carboxylic acid and alcohol.
A balanced chemical reaction illustrating the process is given as
$C H_{3} C O O C H_{2} C H_{3} \overset{d i l . H_{2} S O_{4}}{\to} C H_{3} C O O H + C H_{3} C H_{2} O H$
Ethyl acetate Ethanoic acid Ethanol
$B$ $C$
Hence, A is Ethyl acetate, which on hydrolysis gives Ethanoic Acid ( $B$ ) and Ethanol ( $C$ ).

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