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Question

Aqueous copper sulphate solution (blue in colour) gives:
a green precipitate with aqueous potassium fluoride.

a bright green solution with aqueous potassium chloride.
Explain these experimental results.

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Solution

Aqueous copper sulphate (blue) is [Cu(H2O)4]SO4

[Cu(H2O)4]SO4(aq)[Cu(H2O)4]2+[Blue]+SO24
[Cu(H2O)4]2+ is a labile complex in which ligands H2O get easily replaced by F ion of KF (as in (i) part) and by Cl ion of KCl (as in (ii) part).
(i). [Cu(H2O)4]2+(aq)+4F(aq)[CuF4]2Green ppt.+4H2O

(ii).[Cu(H2O)4]2+(aq)+4Cl(aq)[CuCl4]2(aq)Bright green solution+4H2O

In both these cases, the weak field ligand water is replaced by the F and Cl ions.


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