Describe how the sex of the offspring is determined in the zygote in human beings.

Zygote:

The zygote is formed as a result of fertilization between the male and the female gamete.

Sex determination:

1. There are 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XY/XX).
2. Male have 46+XY and females have 46+XX.
3. During fertilization both the Gamete become haploid in nature, hence when they fuse, they form a diploid organism (zygote).
4. Females are having XX chromosomes so they can contribute X chromosomes only, while a male can contribute either X or Y.
5. Sex determination takes place in humans during the time of fertilization when the sperm(male gamete) carrying an X chromosome fertilizes the ovum(female gamete) with an X chromosome then the chromosome of the zygote becomes 46+XX that is female.
6. And if the sperm carrying the Y chromosome fertilizes the ovum of the X chromosome then the chromosomes of the zygote becomes 46+XY that is male.