Exchange of gases between the body and the environment is

The correct option is B

Ventilation

The correct option is B.

Explanation for the correct option:

1. Ventilation is also known as breathing.
2. It can be described as the airflow through the conducting passages between the lungs and the atmosphere.
3. The diaphragm and thoracic muscles contract or relax, regulating the thoracic cavity pressure.
4. The pressure gradient between the thoracic cavity and the atmosphere causes air to flow through the conducting passages.

Explanation for the incorrect options:

Option A:

1. Respiration is the biochemical process of oxidation.
2. Complex organic compounds are broken into simpler forms that release energy in cells.

Option C:

1. Inspiration is the flow of air from the atmosphere into the lungs.

Option D:

1. Expiration is the flow of air from the lungs into the environment.

Ventilation is the gaseous exchange between the body and the surroundings.