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Question

Explain how Archimedes' principle may be applied to find the relative density of a solid.


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Solution

We know that,
Relative Density = Density of bodyDensity of water at 4C =Mass of the bodyMass of water at 4C of volume equal to that of the body

Using Archimedes' principle, the mass of water of volume equal to that of the body is obtained by finding the mass of water displaced by that body when it is completely immersed in water since a body when immersed in water, displaces water equal to its own volume. Therefore,
Relative Density (R.D) = Mass of the bodyMass of water diplaced by the body=Weight of the bodyMass of water diplaced by the body =Weight of the bodyLoss of weight of the body in water (or upthrust)= Weight of body in airWeight of body in air-Weight of body in water

Hence, to find the relative density of a solid body using Archimedes' principle, we can use this formula R.D. = W1W1-W2.


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