Explain some chemical properties of carbon and its compound.

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Solution

The chemical properties of carbon and its compounds are as follows:-

1. Carbon and its compounds burn in oxygen to give carbon dioxide along with heat and light.

$C + O_{2} \to C O_{2} + h e a t + l i g h t$

$C H_{4} + 2 O_{2} \to C O_{2} + 2 H_{2} O + h e a t + l i g h t$

$C_{2} H_{5} O H + 3 O_{2} \to 2 C O_{2} + 3 H_{2} O + h e a t + l i g h t$

2. Carbon compounds can be easily oxidized using suitable oxidizing agent like alkaline potassium permanganate to form carboxylic acids.

$C H_{3} C H_{2} O H e t h a n o l K M n O_{4} / O H^{-} - -------- \to 2 [0] C H_{3} C O O H e t h a n o i c a c i d + H_{2} O$

3. Unsaturated carbon compounds undergo addition reactions with hydrogen in the presence of palladium or nickel catalyst.

$C H_{2} = C H_{2} E t h e n e H_{2} - ------ \to N i - c a t a l y s t C H_{3} - C H_{3} E t h a n e$

4. Saturated carbon compounds undergo substitution reaction in the presence of sunlight e.g. methane undergoes substitution reaction to form different types of products.

5. Carbon compounds such as alcohol react with sodium to liberate hydrogen gas.

$2 C H_{3} C H_{2} O H + 2 N a \to 2 C H_{3} C H_{2} O N a + H_{2} ↑$

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