How are cactus adapted to survive in a desert? [3 marks]

The adaptations that help cactus to survive in deserts are:

• Leaves have modified into spines so that there will be minimum water loss by transpiration. (1 mark)
• The stem is covered with a thick waxy layer to retain water. (1 mark)
• The roots of cactus go deep into the soil, this helps them to extract water from the underground. (1 mark)