How are Oxygen and Carbon dioxide prepared in the laboratory?

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Solution

Preparation of Oxygen:
At the laboratory level, Hydrogen peroxide is used for the preparation of Oxygen gas.
Hydrogen peroxide( $H_{2} O_{2}$ ) in the presence of finely divided metals and Manganese dioxide( ${MnO}_{2}$ ) decomposes to give Water( $H_{2} O$ ) and Dioxygen( $O_{2}$ ).
$\underset{Hydrogen peroxide}{2 H_{2} O_{2} (aq)} \overset{{MnO}_{2} (s)}{\to} \underset{Water}{2 H_{2} O (l)} + \underset{Oxygen}{O_{2} (g)}$
Preparation of Carbon dioxide:
Carbon dioxide is prepared in the lab using Calcium Carbonate( ${CaCO}_{3}$ ) and dil. Hydrochloric acid( $HCl$ ).
The reaction of Calcium Carbonate( ${CaCO}_{3}$ ) and dil. Hydrochloric acid( $HCl$ ) result in formation of Carbon dioxide( ${CO}_{2}$ ), Water( $H_{2} O$ ) and Calcium chloride( ${CaCl}_{2}$ ).
$\underset{Calcium carbonate}{{CaCO}_{3} (s)} + \underset{Hydrogen chloride}{HCl (aq)} \to \underset{Calcium chloride}{{CaCl}_{2} (s)} + \underset{Carbon dioxide}{{CO}_{2} (g)} + \underset{Water}{H_{2} O (l)}$

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