How do mosses vegetatively reproduce?

Asexual reproduction in mosses:

1. Vegetative reproduction in mosses is by fragmentation and budding in the secondary protonema.
2. Mosses reproduce vegetatively in which a part of the plant breaks off and grows into a new plant with a similar genetic combination as the parent plant.
3. Another method occurs when parts of the stem or even a single leaf from the moss plant are broken off – these bits can then regenerate to form a new plant.
4. Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a part of the moss can grow to form a new moss. This is used by mosses to help ensure their survival.
5. Many mosses produce structures called gemmae on leaves or branches which are designed to break off and form new plants without the need for fertilization.