How do organisms,whether reproduction asexual or sexually maintain a constant chromosome number through several generations?? Explain with the help of suitable example
In case of asexually reproducing organisms, mitosisis the method used for cell division and reproduction in cells. This process starts with onereplicationand one division of the chromosome material. The whole set of chromosomes is replicated and transferred to the next generation. This results in the chromosome numbers in the twocells produced, being the same as in the parent cell.Example: Reproduction inAmoebaby binary fission orPlasmodiumby multiple fission.
Sexually reproducing organisms undergo meiosis wherein the chromosome number is halved to form gametes. In this way, the new offspring receives one set of chromosome from each parent. The gametes then fuse together to form the zygote which restores the diploid chromosome number in the newly formed offspring. Example: Reproduction in human beings where there are 46 chromosomes in a diploid individual. Each parent contributes 23 chromosomes in the form of gametes. The two gametes fuse to form the zygote which again has 46 chromosomes.
In case of asexually reproducing organisms, mitosisis the method used for cell division and reproduction in cells. This process starts with onereplicationand one division of the chromosome material. The whole set of chromosomes is replicated and transferred to the next generation. This results in the chromosome numbers in the twocells produced, being the same as in the parent cell.Example: Reproduction inAmoebaby binary fission orPlasmodiumby multiple fission.
Sexually reproducing organisms undergo meiosis wherein the chromosome number is halved to form gametes. In this way, the new offspring receives one set of chromosome from each parent. The gametes then fuse together to form the zygote which restores the diploid chromosome number in the newly formed offspring. Example: Reproduction in human beings where there are 46 chromosomes in a diploid individual. Each parent contributes 23 chromosomes in the form of gametes. The two gametes fuse to form the zygote which again has 46 chromosomes.
