How does aneuploidy differ from polyploidy? Give an example for each.

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Solution

Aneuploidy:
Aneuploidy is the condition in which an abnormal number of chromosomes are present in the cell.
Polyploidy:
Polyploidy refers to the condition in which an additional pair of chromosomes is present in the cells.
Aneuploidy
Polyploidy
1. Aneuploidy refers to the presence of an abnormal amount of chromosomes in haploid cells. 1. Polyploidy refers to the presence of an extra set of chromosomes in the cells and occurs due to abnormal cell division and commonly occurs in plants.
2. Types of aneuploidy are monosomy, disomy, trisomy, and tetrasomy. 2. The two types of polyploidy are autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy.
3. An example of aneuploidy is Down syndrome. In this syndrome, an extra chromosome is present in chromosome 21. 3. Examples of polyploid plants are wheat, peanuts, oats, and banana.

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Aneuploidy	Polyploidy
1. Aneuploidy refers to the presence of an abnormal amount of chromosomes in haploid cells.	1. Polyploidy refers to the presence of an extra set of chromosomes in the cells and occurs due to abnormal cell division and commonly occurs in plants.
2. Types of aneuploidy are monosomy, disomy, trisomy, and tetrasomy.	2. The two types of polyploidy are autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy.
3. An example of aneuploidy is Down syndrome. In this syndrome, an extra chromosome is present in chromosome 21.	3. Examples of polyploid plants are wheat, peanuts, oats, and banana.