In Hydra asexual reproduction takes place by

The correct option is B

Budding

The correct option is B.

Explanation of the correct option :

1. When a single parent produces a new offspring, this is known as asexual reproduction.
2. The new individuals produced are genetically and physically similar to one another, indicating that they are clones of their parents.
3. Budding is the process of producing an individual from the buds that grow on the parent body.
4. The parent organism provides nutrients and protection to the bud, which then detaches once fully developed. Budding is a method of reproduction used by hydra and yeast organisms.

Explanation of the incorrect options:

Option A:

1. Asexual reproduction occurs in Spirogyra by fragmentation.
2. Spirogyra splits into fragments, each of which develops into a separate organism.

Option C:

1. The parent cell divides into two cells during binary fission, with each daughter cell having a nucleus that is genetically identical to the parent.
2. The cytoplasm also separates, resulting in two equal-sized daughter cells.
3. The process is repeated, and the daughter cells continue to develop and divide. Binary fission is seen in Amoeba and Euglena.

Option D:

1. Another method of asexual reproduction is spore formation. In unfavorable conditions, the organism develops sporangium, which are sac-like structures that carry spores.
2. When the conditions are favorable, the sporangium bursts open, releasing spores that germinate and produce new organisms.

Final answer: In hydra asexual reproduction takes place by budding.