Light of wavelength 630 nm in vacuum, falling normally on a biological specimen of thickness 10 $\mu$m, splits into two beams that are polarized at right angles. The refractive index of the tissue for the two polarizations are 1.32 and 1.333. When the two beams emerge, they are out of phase by

Q. A beam of light is incident on a liquid of refractive index 1.40. The reflected rays are completely polarized. The angle of refraction of the beam is ($\tan {54.5}^{\circ }=1.4$):

Q. An unpolarized $He-Ne$ laser beam of wavelength $632.8\text{nm}$ is reflected from the flat surface of a dielectric. A detector analyzes the reflected beam. It is found that when the angle between the incident and the reflected beams is ${115}^{\circ }{34}^{{}^{\prime }}$ the light is completely plane polarized. The refractive index of the dielectric at this wavelength is

Q. A parallel beam of white light is incident normally on a water film $1.0\times {10}^{-4}$ cm thick. Find the wavelength in the visible range $(400nm-700nm)$ which are strongly transmitted by the film. Refractive index of water $=1.33$.

Q.

A diverging beam of light from a point source S having divergence angle a, falls symmetrically on a glass slab as shown. The angles of incidence of the two extreme rays are equal. If the thickness of the glass slab is t and the refractive index n, then the divergence angle of the emergent beam is

Q. A diversing beam of light from a point source $S$ having divergence angle $\varphi$, falls symmetrically on a glass slab as shown. The angles of incidence of the two extreme rays are equal. If the thickness of the glass slab is $t$ and the refractive index $\mu$, then the devergence angle of the emergent beam is