Like sickle cell anemia, which is the other genetic disorder related to blood pigment?

Q. Like sickle cell anemia, which is the other generic disorder related to blood pigment?

Q. The number of people in certain regions of Africa that suffer from sickle cell anemia is $16$ percent. This genetic disorder is caused by a mutation in which homozygous recessive results in sickle cell anemia, but in the heterozygote condition causes the sickle cell trait. The gene frequency for that allele and the percentage of people that are heterozygotes is

Q. Sickle-cell anaemia is a genetic disorder.

Q. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder caused by a substitution mutation in the gene encoding hemoglobin, the protein on blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen. This mutation causes the hemoglobin protein to fold incorrectly, preventing the protein from carrying oxygen to the red blood cells.
Sickle cell anemia is inherited as a codominant trait, meaning that both alleles are expressed equally and that one is not dominant over the other. The allele for normal hemoglobin is represented by S, and the allele for abnormal hemoglobin is represented by s.
If two heterozygous individuals mate and produce offspring, what proportion of their offspring are expected to have fully sickled red blood cells?

Q. Assertion (A): In India, there is statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex determination and genetic disorders.
Reason (R): Genetic disorders such as Down syndrome, haemophilia and sickle cell anemia can be detected by this technique.
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