List the hormones secreted by pancreas.

Hormones:

1. Hormones are secreted in the blood directly by endocrine glands.
2. These regulate many activities in our body, like the growth or synthesis of any particular factor.
3. In our body, many endocrine glands are located in different parts.

Pancreas:

1. The pancreas is an organ of our gastrointestinal system.
2. Pancreatic juice is secreted into the small intestine.
3. This juice includes some digestive enzymes and ions.
4. These secrete some hormones. So, the pancreas acts as both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland.
5. 1% of the cells in the pancreas form islets of Langerhans. It has four types of cells that secrete different hormones.

α-cells:

1. 20% of the cells in the islets of Langerhans are α-cells.
2. These secrete glucagon hormone.
3. This hormone increases blood sugar levels by the breakdown of glycogen and causes glucose production.
4. This hormone is also called hyperglycemic hormone.

β-Cells:

1. Form 70% of the islets of Langerhans.
2. These cells secrete insulin.
3. Insulin is responsible for decreasing blood sugar levels.
4. This hormone makes glucose available for cellular respiration.

D-Cells:

1. Make up 5% of the Langerhans islets.
2. These cells secrete somatostatin.
3. This hormone decreases the secretion of both glucagon and insulin.

F- cells:

These cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.