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Question

Nitration of benzene is carried out with conc. HNO3 in presence of conc. H2SO4. The role of conc. H2SO4 is to provide :

A
nucleophile during the reaction
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B
free radical during the reaction
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C
electrophile during the reaction
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D
catalyst during the reaction
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Solution

The correct option is C electrophile during the reaction
Answer:- (C) electrophile during the reaction
Nitration in the benzene ring is an electrophilic substitution reaction, and the electrophile involved here is the nitronium ion, NO2+.
H2SO4 being a stronger acid than HNO3 facilitates easy generation of NO2+ by protonating the latter.
H2SO4+HNO3NO2++HSO4+H2O

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