State the difference between :
(a) Chromosome and chromatid,
(b) Centrosome and centromere,
(c) Aster and spindle fibres.
(d) Haploid and diploid
State the difference between :
(a) Chromosome and chromatid,
(b) Centrosome and centromere,
(c) Aster and spindle fibres.
(d) Haploid and diploid
(a) A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences whereas a chromatid is one of the two copies of DNA making up a duplicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis).
(b) The centrosome is an area in the cell where microtubules are produced. Within an animal cell centrosome, there is a pair of small organelles called the centrioles. During animal cell division, the centrosome divides and the centrioles replicate (make new copies) whereas each chromosome in its condensed form consists of two chromatids joined at some point along the length. This point of attachment is called centromere.
(c) An aster is a cellular structure shaped like a star, formed around each centrosome during mitosis in an animal cell whereas spindle fibers are aggregates of microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division. (d) A haploid cell is a cell that contains one complete set of chromosomes. Gametes are haploid cells that are produced by meiosis whereas a diploid cell is a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes. One set of chromosomes is donated from each parent.
(a) A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences whereas a chromatid is one of the two copies of DNA making up a duplicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis).
(b) The centrosome is an area in the cell where microtubules are produced. Within an animal cell centrosome, there is a pair of small organelles called the centrioles. During animal cell division, the centrosome divides and the centrioles replicate (make new copies) whereas each chromosome in its condensed form consists of two chromatids joined at some point along the length. This point of attachment is called centromere.
(c) An aster is a cellular structure shaped like a star, formed around each centrosome during mitosis in an animal cell whereas spindle fibers are aggregates of microtubules that move chromosomes during cell division.(d) A haploid cell is a cell that contains one complete set of chromosomes. Gametes are haploid cells that are produced by meiosis whereas a diploid cell is a cell that contains two sets of chromosomes. One set of chromosomes is donated from each parent.
