Statements: All pens are markers.
All copies are pens.
No paper is a marker.
C onclusions: I. At least some pens are papers.
II. No paper is a copy.

Statements: W $\delta$ U, U @ G, G $\$$ M

Conclusions:

I. M * U

II. G * W

Statements: P $\$$ Q, Q $\delta$ S, S * R

Conclusions:

I. S * P

II. S $\$$ P

Statements: Y © S, S $\delta$ R, R * Q
Conclusions:
I. Q @ S
II. Y * R

Statements: E @ M, M * H, H © G

Conclusions:

I. G @ M

II. G @ E