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Question

Two equal charges q of opposite sign separated by a distance 2a constitute an electric dipole of dipole moment p . If P is a point at a distance r from the centre of the dipole and the line joining the centre of the dipole to this point makes an angle θ with the axis of the dipole, then the potential at P is given by (r >> 2a) (Where p = 2qa)

A
V=p cos θ4πϵ0r2
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B
V=p cos θ4πϵ0r
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C
V=p sin θ4πϵ0r
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D
V=p cos θ2πϵ0r2
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Solution

The correct option is A V=p cos θ4πϵ0r2
For the given situation, diagram can be drawn as follows
As shown in figure component of dipole moment along the line OP will be p=p cos θ. Hence electric potential at point P will be V=14πϵ0.p cos θr2

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