What are polar and non polar solvents ? Differentiate between them

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Solution

Polar molecules Non-polar molecules

1.Molecules in which dipole moment is not ‘zero’ are called polar solvents.
Example: NaCl, HF, H2O…etc

They does not posses any symmetry. 1.Molecules in which dipole moment is ‘zero’ are called non-polar solvents.
Example: CCl4, H2, Cl2, O2…etc

These compounds may posses symmetry.

2.The non-zero dipole moment in these molecules is mainly due to electronegativity difference between bonding atoms. 2.In non-polar molecules the dipole moment is zero due nearly equal in electronegativity of bonding atoms and also due to symmetry in structure.

3.Generally polar molecules dissolve in polar solvents.
Ex: NaCl will dissolve in H₂O 3.Generally non polar molecules dissolve in non-polar solvents.
Ex: CCl₄ will dissolve in Benzene

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Polar molecules	Non-polar molecules
1.Molecules in which dipole moment is not ‘zero’ are called polar solvents. Example: NaCl, HF, H2O…etc They does not posses any symmetry.	1.Molecules in which dipole moment is ‘zero’ are called non-polar solvents. Example: CCl4, H2, Cl2, O2…etc These compounds may posses symmetry.
2.The non-zero dipole moment in these molecules is mainly due to electronegativity difference between bonding atoms.	2.In non-polar molecules the dipole moment is zero due nearly equal in electronegativity of bonding atoms and also due to symmetry in structure.
3.Generally polar molecules dissolve in polar solvents. Ex: NaCl will dissolve in H₂O	3.Generally non polar molecules dissolve in non-polar solvents. Ex: CCl₄ will dissolve in Benzene