What are the different ways by which indirect transmission occurs?

Indirect transmission:

1. Infectious diseases may be transferred from the infected person to a healthy person indirectly via an intermediate. This is termed indirect transmission.
2. The different ways by which indirect transmission occurs are as follows:

• Vectors (eg: female Anopheles mosquito in Malaria)
• Food and Waterborne diseases (eg: Cholera)
• Airborne diseases (eg: Pneumonia)
• Pathogenicity (eg: ringworms or tuberculosis)