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Question
What is meant by ‘disproportionation’? Give two examples of disproportionation reaction in aqueous solution.
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Solution
\(\text{Disproportionation reaction}\)
A relatively less stable oxidation state of element undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction in which it is simultaneously oxidised and reduced. This is called disproportionation.
\(\text{Examples of disproportionation reaction}\)
(a) \(\rm~Cu^+ (aq) \rightarrow Cu^{2+}(aq) + Cu(s)\)
Copper \(\rm~(I)\) compounds are unstable in aqueous medium thus undergo disproportionation forming copper \(\rm~(II)\) as well as copper (solid).
(b) \(\rm~3MnO_4^{2-} (aq) + 4H^+(aq) \rightarrow 2MnO_4^-(aq) + MnO_2(s) + 2H_2O(I)\)
\(\rm~Mn(VI)\) is oxidized to \(\rm~Mn(VII)\) and reduced to \(\rm~Mn(IV)\).
A relatively less stable oxidation state of element undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction in which it is simultaneously oxidised and reduced. This is called disproportionation.
\(\text{Examples of disproportionation reaction}\)
(a) \(\rm~Cu^+ (aq) \rightarrow Cu^{2+}(aq) + Cu(s)\)
Copper \(\rm~(I)\) compounds are unstable in aqueous medium thus undergo disproportionation forming copper \(\rm~(II)\) as well as copper (solid).
(b) \(\rm~3MnO_4^{2-} (aq) + 4H^+(aq) \rightarrow 2MnO_4^-(aq) + MnO_2(s) + 2H_2O(I)\)
\(\rm~Mn(VI)\) is oxidized to \(\rm~Mn(VII)\) and reduced to \(\rm~Mn(IV)\).
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