1. what is meant by the term ‘artificial propagation in plants’?
2. Name three common methods which are used for the artificial propagation of plants.

1. Vegetative propagation: It is an asexual method of plant reproduction that occurs in its leaves, roots and stem.
2. Artificial propagation: This is a type of vegetative reproduction carried out by humans on the fields and laboratories.

a. Artificial propagation in plants:

1. In plants man-made methods are carried out for vegetative propagation. These methods are called artificial propagation in plants.
2. These methods are used in agriculture for raising crops and in horticulture for cultivating vegetables, fruits, and flowers.

b. Common methods of artificial propagation in plants:

1. The three common methods of artificial propagation in plants are cutting, layering, and grafting.
2. Cutting is the common man- made method of vegetative propagation in plants.
3. Stem cutting, root cutting and leaf cutting are the methods used for artificial vegetative propagation.
4. In layering, new plants are produced from the parent stem without detaching it in the initial stage.
5. Mound layering and aerial layering are the two methods of layering.
6. The technique of joining the shoot system of one plant over the stump of another related plant to form a new plant is called as grafting.
7. Grafting is done in dicots.