The depletion of the ozone layer refers to the reduction in the concentration of the ozone layer. It is caused by ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, methyl bromide, nitrogen oxides and chlorine.
Among the most important ozone-depleting substances are CFCs, which are rich in chlorine, fluorine and carbon (such as carbon tetrachloride and dichlorofluoromethane).
Effects of the depletion of the ozone layer:
(i) It causes skin cancer because of excess exposure to UV radiation.
(ii) It damages the eyes and the immune system.
(iii) It affects plants and decreases crop yields.