What is the valency of alluminium in ${Al}_{2} O_{3}$

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Solution

Aluminium has an electronic configuration as 2,8,3
Thus the valence electron number is 3
Aluminium has to give up those 3 electrons to attain the nearest noble gas configuration
Oxygen has an electronic configuration as 2,6
That means it requires 2 electrons in the outermost shell to attain the nearest noble gas configuration
Therefore when writing symbols we interchange the valencies, ${Al}^{3 +} + O^{2 -} \to {Al}_{2} O_{3}$
The valency of aluminium is 3.

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