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Hydronium Ion

When aqueous ...

Question

When aqueous solution of borax is acidified with hydrochloric acid, a white crystalline solid is formed which is soapy to touch. Is this solid acidic or basic in nature? Explain.

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Solution

Orthoboric acid is formed by acidifying (with $H C l$ ) an aqueous solution of borax

$N a B_{4} O_{7} + 2 H C l + 5 H_{2} O \to 2 N a C l + 4 B (O H)_{3}$

Orthoboric acid is white crystalline solid and soapy to touch. It is soluble in hot water.

Orthoboric acid is a weak monobasic acid. It is not a protonic acid but acts as a Lewis acid by accepting electrons from a hydroxyl ion:

$B (O H)_{3} + 2 H_{2} O \to [B (O H)_{4}]^{-} + H_{3} O^{+}$

Thus, Orthoboric acid is formed when aqueous solution of borax is acidified with $H C l$ and orthoboric acid is acidic in nature.

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