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Question

When you cut your finger or hurt yourself, the wound does not continue to bleed for a long time; usually the blood stops flowing after sometime. why?

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Solution

Part 1:Coagulation of blood
When there is any injury or trauma, the loss of blood takes place. To prevent the excessive bleeding, a cascade of preventive mechanism called blood coagulation or clotting takes place. This is due to the presence of platelets in our blood.

Part 2: Steps of blood clotting
  • Damaged tissues outside blood vessels and the platelets inside the damaged blood vessels secrete a cascade of clotting factors.
  • These further activate the prothrombin activator.
  • Prothrombin activator catalyzes the conversion of prothrombin into thrombin.
  • Thrombin helps in the polymerisation of fibrinogen into long chains called fibrin.
  • This mesh of fibrin entraps the blood cells, thus stopping their escape.
All these require the involvement of calcium ions.

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