Where is the phosphodiester bond in DNA?

DNA

1. DNA is the organic molecule that comprises genetic information for the functioning and development of cells.
2. DNA comprises a pair of polynucleotide chains coiled around each other.
3. They are primarily made of alternating deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups.
4. The sugar bases attached to each sugar group are of the following types- adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

Phosphodiester bonds

1. The backbone of DNA is linked together through covalent bonds between hydroxyl groups in two different molecules of sugar (either deoxyribose or ribose) and a phosphate group forming ester bonds. This is called a phosphodiester bond.
2. A molecule of water is removed during the formation of bonds, and this reaction is called a condensation reaction providing directionality for the strand growth.
3. The direction in which phosphodiester bonds are formed is from the 5' end of the first sugar molecule to the 3' end of the next sugar.
4. Phosphodiester bonds are negatively charged at neutral pH and are neutralized by histone proteins, magnesium ions, and polyamines.