Which hybrid orbitals are used by carbon atoms in the following molecules?

CH₃–CH₃; (b) CH₃–CH=CH₂; (c) CH₃-CH₂-OH; (d) CH₃-CHO (e) CH₃COOH

Q. Which hybrid orbitals are used by carbon atoms in the following molecules?

Q. Write IUPAC names of the following

@CH3-CH2-CH=CH2
@CH3-CH2-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH3
@CH3-CH2-CHO
@CH3-CH(OH)-CH3
@CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH

Q. Identify the type of the following reaction of carbon compounds.
a. CH₃ -CH₂ -CH₂-OH → CH₃ -CH₂ -COOH
b. CH₃ -CH₂ -CH₃ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
c. CH₃ -CH = CH -CH₃ + Br₂ → CH₃ -CHBr - CHBr -CH₃
d. CH₃ -CH₃ + Cl₂ → CH₃ -CH₂ -Cl + HCl
e. CH₃ -CH₂ -CH₂ -CH₂ -OH → CH₃ -CH₂ -CH=CH₂ + H₂O
f. CH₃ -CH₂ -COOH + NaOH → CH₃ -CH₂ -COO - Na⁺ + H₂O
g. CH₃ -COOH + CH₃ -OH → CH₃ -COO- CH₃ + H₂O

Q. Which of the following reaction is example of $S_{N}2$ reaction using $conc.HCl:$
$\left(a\right)C{H}_3-C{H}_2-OH\stackrel{AnhyZnC{l}_2/△}{\to }C{H}_3-C{H}_2-Cl$

$\left(b\right)C{H}_3-\underset{C{H}_3}{\underset{|}{\stackrel{C{H}_3}{\stackrel{|}{C}}}}-C{H}_{2}OH\stackrel{AnhyZnC{l}_2/△}{\to }C{H}_3-\underset{C{H}_3}{\underset{|}{\stackrel{C{H}_1}{\stackrel{|}{C}}}}-C{H}_2-C{H}_3$

$\left(c\right)C{H}_3-\underset{C{H}_3}{\underset{|}{\stackrel{OH}{\stackrel{|}{C}}}}-C{H}_3\stackrel{AnhyZnC{l}_2/△}{\to }C{H}_3-\underset{C{H}_3}{\underset{|}{\stackrel{Cl}{\stackrel{|}{C}}}}-C{H}_3$

$\left(d\right)C{H}_2=CH-C{H}_2-OH\stackrel{AnhyZnC{l}_2/△}{\to }C{H}_2=CH-C{H}_2-Cl$