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Question

Which of the following compounds would give addition reactions?

CH4,C2H4,C2H6,C3H4,C3H8,C4H10


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Solution

  1. Only unsaturated hydrocarbons undergo characteristic addition reactions.
  2. Two types of unsaturated compounds exist with general molecular formula CnH2n for alkenes and CnH2n-2 for alkynes.
  3. The given compounds, CH4n=1,C2H6n=2,C3H8n=3,C4H10n=4 satisfy the alkane general formula CnH2n+2, hence they are saturated hydrocarbons
  4. The compound C2H4n=2 satisfy the alkene general formulaCnH2n , hence Ethene C2H4undergoes addition reaction with one mole of HydrogenH2 giving corresponding alkane.

C2H4gEthene+H2gHydrogenNi/300oCC2H6Ethaneg

5. The compound C3H4n=3satisfy the alkyne general formulaCnH2n-2 , hence PropyneC3H4 undergoes addition reaction with two moles of HydrogenH2 giving corresponding alkane.

C3H4gPropyne+2H2gHydrogenNi/300oCC3H8gPropane


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