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Question

Which of the following does not obey the octet or duplet rule?
(i) H2O (ii) BF3 (iii) PCl5(iv) CO2 (v) NH3

A
(i), (ii), (iii)
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B
(ii), (iii)
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C
(ii), (iii), (iv)
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D
(i), (iv), (iii)
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Solution

The correct option is B (ii), (iii)
(i) In H2O, O atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell and H atoms have two electrons.

(ii) The electronic configuration of B is:
1s22s22p1. In BF3, each F atom shares one electron with boron atom. Thus, boron atom in BF3 has 6 valence electrons. So, it does not satisfy the octet rule.

(iii) The electronic configuration of P is: 1s22s22p63s23p3. In PCl5, each Cl atom shares one electron with P - atom. Thus, phosphorous atom in PCl5 has 10 valence electrons, so it does not satisfy the octet rule.


(iv) In CO2, both C and O have 8 valence electrons. Thus, it satisfies octet rule.


(v) In NH3, N -atom has 8 valence electrons and H has two valence electrons.

Thus, BF3 and PCl5 do not follow octet rule.

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