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Question

Which of the following reactions of methane is incomplete combustion?

A
CH4+O2C(s)+2H2O(l)
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B
CH4+2O2CO2(g)+2H2O(l)
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C
CH4+O2Mo2O3HCHO+H2O
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D
2CH4+O2Cu,523 K−−−−100atm2CH3OH
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Solution

The correct option is A CH4+O2C(s)+2H2O(l)
Alkanes on heating with a regulated supply of dioxygen or air at high pressure and in the presence of suitable catalysts give a variety of oxidation products. This process is called controlled oxidation.
In (c) and (d), methane is heated with a regulated supply of O2/air at high pressure, in the presence of a Mo2O3 and Cu to give formaldehyde and methanol.
2CH4+O2Cu//523K//100atm2CH3OHCH4+O2Mo2O3−−−ΔHCHO+H2O

Reaction (b) is complete combustion reaction.
This a process of heating a substance in the presence of sufficient air/O2.
The substance is completely oxidised to CO2 and H2O accompanied by evolution of a large amount of heat.

Reaction (a) is incomplete combustion reaction. This reaction is carried out in limited supply of O2 to form coke and water.
Therefore,
CH4+O2C(s)+2H2O is an incomplete combustion.

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