Which one of the following characters is not encoded by chromosome 4 of a pea plant?

The correct option is B Seed color
A gene is defined as a sequence of nucleotides present in DNA that codes for the production of specific protein. So, genes are present on chromosomes. In a pea plant, 2n=14. This means that the pea plant has 14 chromosomes occurring as 7 pairs.
Character is any feature of a living organism which is visible through naked eyes. Out of the many characters that the pea plant exhibited, Mendel chose only 7 to study. The genes for these 7 characters were present on four different chromosomes. These are chromosomes 1, 4, 5, and 7.
The table given below shows the characters and the chromosomes they are present on.

From the given options, except seed colour, other characters mentioned in the options are present on chromosome 4.